Damage Of A Gullet To Cervical Department, Besides

Damage of a gullet to cervical department, besides the symptoms connected with damage of vessels, a throat or a trachea, - pains at swallowing, a saliva and the swallowed food and a liquid in a wound. Treatment: at. Small damages defect in a wall take in a seam. At extensive damages of edge of a wound file to a skin for formation and the subsequent plastic arts. For feeding of the patient impose . Not diagnosed damage of a gullet at chipped wounds of a neck leads to development . ABSCESSES AND NECK PHLEGMONS Abscesses and phlegmons of a neck are a consequence purulent , developing as a result of of infection drift at a tonsillitis, an inflammation jaws, mucous membranes - of an oral cavity, a middle ear, a cavity of a nose and its additional cavities is more often-. deep abscesses and neck phlegmons are dangerous because of such developing complications, as a sepsis, a heavy - intoxication, transition of a suppuration to walls of blood vessels with their subsequent destruction and a massive bleeding-, vein thrombosis development, and brain abscesses.

The Most Frequent Source Secondary Is The -

The most frequent source secondary is the - abscess of a lung or , broken in a pleural cavity, and also a pneumonia These processes serve as the reason of development of disease more than at 90 % of sick Gematogennyj infection drift in a pleura (at a mastitis, an osteomyelitis, and ) is observed approximately at 5 % of patients. The activator kind at sharp pleurae is appreciably defined by character of primary disease. At primary , caused by getting - wound of a thorax, the microbic flora can be various-, special weight differ , caused flora. At secondary it is the most frequent from pus sow , a stick, a streptococcus both in the form of monocultures, and in various combinations. subdivide into A.Ostrye (duration of disease - to 8 ) and. Chronic (duration of disease - more than 8 ). Both sharp, and chronic divide into following - groups I On character : e; the putrefactive. II On character of microflora: specific (tubercular-, and ); nonspecific (staphylococcal-, , and ), caused by the mixed - flora III By origin: the primary; the secondary.

Tumours It Is Limited, There Are Metastasises In

tumours it is limited, there are metastasises in displaced knots IV stage a tumour sprouts in surrounding structures and bodies at full a thyroid gland, not movable lymph nodes Metastasises in lymph nodes of a neck and , the remote metastasises of Regionarnoe occurs in - deep cervical, preguttural, pre - and - lymph nodes. it is observed in the remote - bodies, lungs and bones is more often are surprised. Clinic and diagnostics: early clinical symptoms - the fast increase in the sizes of a craw or a normal - thyroid gland, increase in its density, change of contours of Iron becomes hilly, inactive, are palpated cervical lymph nodes. The immovability and tumour consolidation create a mechanical obstacle for breath and swallowing. At a returnable nerve there is a change , the hoarseness connected with of vocal chords In later terms develops the symptoms caused of a tumour are marked. Often sick complain of pains in the field of an - ear and a nape For the differential diagnosis of new growths of a thyroid gland major importance the data of cytologic and - histologic research has - tumours which give the chance - not only to establish the disease diagnosis, but also to define morphological type of a tumour of Lozhnonegativnye results at a puncture of a malignant tumour of a thyroid gland receives approximately at 30 % of patients Treatment: the basic method of treatment of a cancer of a thyroid gland the surgical.

Cough With Fetid Plentiful Is Observed Seldom. At

Cough with fetid plentiful is observed seldom. At survey sometimes - reveal backlog of the amazed party at breath, dense - bagrovo-cyanotic painful on a chest wall. The radiological picture in initial stages of defeat also can be treated as an abscess or a chronic - pneumonia, especially when develops against these diseases. However defined presence process with rough , starting with a root of a lung or , involving in process and a sharp thickening or pleurae, small - changes from outside a bronchial tree, despite a long current of disease, change of edges in area should force to assume the doctor lungs and purposeful diagnostic search. The diagnosis is indisputable at a finding and a fungus in lumps and the weights which have been scraped out from fistulas in case of their formation. Treatment: conservative - refresher courses of treatment , the big doses of penicillin or ; are necessary also stimulating and therapy (blood transfusion, preparations of iron, etc.). Operative treatment apply only at the isolated forms of defeat when it is possible to be limited to a resection of a part of a lung.

The Basic Method Of Diagnostics Is . Treatment:

The basic method of diagnostics is . Treatment: at abscesses along with antibacterial - therapy abscess opening through is shown, at got its resection sometimes is possible. TRACHEA STENOSES The got not tumoral stenoses of a trachea can be - primary - caused by presence of pathological process actually in a trachea (a tuberculosis, cicatricial deformation after , etc.), and secondary - caused - it from the outside. Allocate, except that, so-called a stenosis. On degree of expressiveness of infringements of breath distinguish - compensated, subcompensated and a - trachea stenosis. At the compensated stenosis of difficulty of breath are expressed unsharply; at subindemnification patients are uneasy At survey trembling of wings of a nose is visible pliable places of a neck, . At a stenosis there come - sharply expressed frustration of breath up to . Primary stenoses. Cicatricial stenoses of a trachea after , especially are most often observed when - long time was spent . The diagnosis: is based on the data of the anamnesis and occurrence of attacks of difficulty of breath.

Apply At Palpated Formations - Of A Mammary

apply at palpated formations - of a mammary gland for the purpose of differential diagnostics. The method - allows to define skin rise in temperature over - lymph nodes (, , , ) at presence in them of metastasises. Skin temperature over cancer knot on 1,5 - 2� above, than over good-quality formation or healthy sites of mammary glands. Features of a sectoral resection at not palpated - formations of a mammary gland consist that a site which is subject to removal, define on the basis of the analysis of roentgenograms - of the mammary glands executed in two projections and precisely specifying - in localisation of the pathological centre. In day of operation make interstitial marks of the formation which are subject to removal, by introduction 0,5 - 1 ml of a solution of 1 % dark blue in a mix about 0,5 ml of contrast substance (60 % of a solution , ). Correctness of marks supervise - repeatedly . Make a sectoral resection of a mammary gland. To check up correctness of removal - of the planned site, do the roentgenogram of remote sector.

However Through Some ' The Period Again Raises

However through some ' the period again raises a body temperature, - cough Through 7 amplifies - - 12 days occur an abscess, the body temperature decreases. Subsequently aggravations become longer and frequent the phenomena of a purulent bronchitis Develop, the intoxication and the dystrophic - changes connected with it - in bodies accrue-. The second type. The sharp period without the expressed remission passes in a chronic stage. Disease proceeds with in temperature. Patients allocate to 500 ml/sut, and sometimes and more purulent , sharing at standing for three layers. Quickly develops and the heavy form of an intoxication - leading to the general exhaustion and a dystrophy of bodies - to the Thicket such type of a current of disease accrues -- takes place at plural - abscesses of a lung At patients a characteristic kind: they are pale, the skin of an earthy shade, mucous membranes , is marked in the beginning persons, then there are hypostases on stops and a waist, connected with albuminous starvation and infringement of function - of kidneys Quickly legochno-warm insufficiency of which patients die accrues.

The Most Frequent Is - Congenital Owing To

The most frequent is - congenital owing to a hypertrophy grudinokljuchichno-sostsevidnoj muscles with its cicatricial regeneration conducting to shortening of a muscle. As the reason congenital muscular consider wrong position of a head of a fruit in pre-natal - development or a patrimonial trauma. The sostsevidnyj shoot from outside curvatures comes nearer to a clavicle, and the chin end goes in opposite, healthy, the party. Treatment: in the first year after a birth conservative - massage, physiotherapy exercises. Surgical treatment spend aged after 1 year. Operation consists in crossing parts of a muscle and lying behind -. Median and neck fistulas. Median and neck fistulas - , connected with shchitovidno-jazychnogo a channel. Clinic and diagnostics: median necks settle down on an average line of a neck between a hypoglossal bone and an - upper edge of a thyroid cartilage, sometimes in a submaxillary triangle-, but are necessarily connected with a hypoglossal bone. Grows slowly and looks like painless roundish , it is displaced at swallowing.

Tumour Growth Is Accompanied By The General Intoxication,

Tumour growth is accompanied by the general intoxication, body rise in temperature. At a sarcoma of bones on roentgenograms - depression or destruction of a bone fabric is visible. Treatment: combined - a combination of radical - surgical intervention with beam and chemotherapy. MAMMARY GLAND Mammary gland - pair body. Mammary glands develop from - and are modified skin glands, - settle down on a forward surface of a thorax at level from III to VI edge between a lobby axillary and nearby-grudinnoj lines of the corresponding party. Each mammary gland consists from 15 - 20 shares located - in a direction and surrounded with a friable connecting and fatty fabric. Each share - represents an alveoljarno-tubular piece of iron with the lacteal channel - opening at top a dummy. Before an exit on a nipple channels extend - and form lacteal sine. The nipple on an extent about 4 sm is surrounded gentle by a skin (rola mammae). The mammary gland is in a case - formed from superficial which is split on two plates-.

NO There Are Defeat Signs No Lymph Nodes

NO there are defeat signs no lymph nodes N1 Defeat signs and (or) root knots, including direct distribution of a primary tumour N2 Signs of defeat of lymph nodes NX - the minimum complex of research cannot be applied to a condition estimation lymph nodes M - the remote metastasises. - there are no signs of the remote metastasises Ml signs of the remote metastasises To four stages of a cancer of a lung on the International classification - there correspond the following combinations TNM. I stage: T1 - T2NOMO; II stage: T1 - T2N1MO: III stage: T1 - T2N2 - ; IV stage: any combination TNM in the presence of Ml (degree and N specify at histologic research). For more total characteristic of features of disease subdivide a lung cancer on accompanying complications. - Allocate: 1) not complicated current and 2) complicated (, a pneumonia, a pleurisy, etc.). Clinic and diagnostics: in initial stages of disease the - semiology poor, in later - is characterised by the signs which are taking place and at other diseases of lungs the Most frequent displays of a cancer of a lung - chest pains, cough, a short wind, body rise in temperature, at various forms of a cancer of a lung are observed with various frequency.

At And Follicular Forms Of A Cancer Of

At and follicular forms of a cancer of a thyroid gland (I - II stages) are shown subtotal with audit of lymph nodes and their removal at revealing of metastasises. At III stage of disease - spend the combined therapy: preoperative gamma therapy, then subtotal or total with fastsialno-futljarnym from both parties. At a cancer III - IV stages if preoperative beam - therapy was not spent-, it is expedient to spend a postoperative irradiation. For influence to the remote metastasises at the differentiated - forms of a cancer appoint I133. The forecast favorable at follicular and forms of a cancer of a thyroid gland. At the solid and - not differentiated forms of a cancer the forecast bad even at rather early surgical intervention. PARATHYROID GLANDS AND THEIR DISEASES Okoloshchitovidnye glands (glandulae parathyreoideae) - glands of internal secretion. Are located on a back surface of a thyroid gland, out of its capsule, more often on two on each party. Their size and quantity considerably - vary.

The Diagnosis: Direct Instructions On Fistula Presence Is

The diagnosis: direct instructions on fistula presence is receipt in respiratory ways painted dark blue the milk entered through a probe, established on 20 sm from edge of cutters. Thus there is a cough with , painted dark blue. However test can not give results at narrow fistulas, and also at diseases of a throat and infringements a reflex. Most informatively radiological research with - introduction substances in a gullet, especially with - application or . The - additional information gives the - gullet and trachea research-, helping to find out an aperture in a gullet or trachea wall. Treatment: surgical - a section a course with the - subsequent defects in a wall of a trachea and a gullet. At the fistulas caused by disintegration of a tumour, - operation limit which apply also as time action if necessary for some term to exclude a food through a mouth. TRACHEA TUMOURS Trachea tumours make 4 - 5 % tumours-, they can be primary and secondary. To secondary tumours (more frequent) carry the new growths sprouting - in a trachea from bodies surrounding it and fabrics, and also seldom observable metastatic tumours.

Damages A Lung Can Be Result Both The

Damages a lung can be result both the closed trauma, and getting wounds (fire, wounds) Open damages are combined with - or with (the section of "pleura Damage-" see-). Symptoms: at a bruise of a lung the chest pains amplifying - at a breath, cough with , pains at a thorax on a defeat place, - shortening a sound. establish blackout of a site of a lung. At damage of a lung by fragments of the broken edges, except the listed symptoms, the congestion of air and blood in a pleural cavity, occurrence hypodermic and - emphysemas is characteristic-. Action treatment - should be directed on preventive maintenance - of development of inflammatory process (antibiotics, means) At getting wounds it is necessary urgent operation take in a lung Wound or at extensive damages make a resection of a part of a lung. Careful audit - of large vessels and heart which can be damaged simultaneously with a lung is necessary-. Thorax wound take in tightly In a pleural cavity leave underwater or vacuum-drainage on 2 - 3 days for removal pleural and air DISEASES OF LUNGS SPECIFIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF LUNGS Tuberculosis of lungs.

Thereof LATS Causes The Same Excitation Of A

Thereof LATS causes the same excitation of a thyroid gland, as well as tireo-tropin as contacts the same receptors, as - last. Increase of accumulation of Tz and 4 in an organism breaks - processes oxidising in fabrics that is shown - by frustration of all kinds of an exchange, function of the central nervous - system, heart and other bodies. women at the age from 20 is more often are ill. Till 50 years. The parity of number of sick women and men makes - 10:1. The big frequency of disease at women speaks more frequent at them infringements of normal mutual relation of functions of sexual glands and gipotalamo-gipofizarnoj systems that is accompanied by the strengthened synthesis of hormones of a thyroid gland. Clinic and diagnostics: displays, characteristic for , can be at three pathological processes-: toxic a craw, toxic central <a craw - which can be multinodal or be characterised - by growth follicular in the form of single knot (- so-called an adenoma). The multinodal toxic craw usually grows out of transformation ("bazedovifi-katsii") is long existing multinodal a craw.

Spontaneous . Under Spontaneous Understand Air Congestion In

Spontaneous . Under spontaneous understand air congestion in the pleural cavity, arising without dependence from what or the making factor. Aetiology: usually spontaneous happens owing to rupture subpleural or thin-walled - , observed in the absence of other changes in a lung. Occasionally development spontaneous is caused by break in a pleura of tubercular cavities, destruction of a wall of a bronchial tube by a breaking up tumour and other reasons. Rupture or can occur during a fit of coughing at smokers owing to increase thus intrapulmonary pressure. Spontaneous can develop at any age. Describe cases of its development in newborns at carrying out by it the actions connected with sharp increase of intrapulmonary pressure. With especially serious consequences development at persons of advanced age in the presence of - accompanying diseases threatens-: warm insufficiency, a widespread - emphysema of lungs, a pneumosclerosis. At rupture of a pulmonary fabric or containing vessels solderings there is a - hemorrhage in a pleural cavity, develops .